Back to Stanford Computer Science Computer History Display pages.
To a phototour of the displays of the Stanford Computer Science Computer History Display phototour, most photographs courtesy of Nuriya Janss, July 1999.
tag/floor# | description (picture) | category | location | objective in display and educational notes |
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|
G1 | Wire Matrix Printer Head & Printer Ribbon (DEC) | A1 | Gio | For History of Printing | |
G1. | 1 Picture of Wire Matrix Printer | A1 | TCM? | Put behind G1 for context | |
G2, F0#1 | Commodore Calculator | A2 | Gio | Early device using Intel4004? Integrated circuit chip. Compare with Marchant (G3) | |
G3, F1#6 | Forsythe's Marchant electrical calculator (right) | F1#6, B2 | Marchant Calculators, Oakland CA 510 839-0506 This Calculator was used by Professor George Forsythe at Stanford. It provides addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, all performed mechanically. Results show on the carriage, as does one of the factors used in multiplication, or the divisor. This machine performed essential the cranking operation of earlier calculators, such as the Monroe machine, with single button pushes. | ||
G3.1 | Monroe mechanical calculator (left), ca 1930. | F1#6, B2 | Gio | Inventor: Frank Stephen Baldwin 1839-1925. The Monroe
company was founded in 1912 (near G3 for explanation [CMA].
This 10-key calculator provides accurate manual computation. Each complete forward turn of the large crank on the right will add the value set into the 8 x 10 keys into the bottom register of the carriage. The top register counts the turns. Subtraction is achieved by turning the crank in reverse. To multiply the Repeat button is pressed and the crank turned as often as needed for the low-order digit. Then the carriage is moved to the right with the handle in front, so the next digit of the factor can be cranked in, etc.. The crank on the carriage is for resetting result and counter registers. Division is performed by subtracting the divisor left to right. | |
G3.3, F2.5 | Table of Integrals and functions. | B2 | Gio | Publisher: Chemical Rubber Company. Used by Gio 1956-1958 (near G3 for explanation . | |
G3.4 | Friden mechanical automatic calculator (center), ca.1960. Side panels removed. | F1#6 B2 | Robert Floyd | Automated multi-digit factor multiplication. Advanced models also performed square roots. The end of the line for mechanical calulation. | |
G4 | Burroughs Compilogram (4-5 copies) | B4 | Gio | Board game used to teach how a compiler works, to help students understand the Algol compiler for the B5500. | |
F2#2 | Stanford AI Modem (a new Rs232 connector should be attached) | A3 | Gio | To increase performance over the then typical 600 baud duplex technology, the Stanford AI-lab developed an asymmetric modem, which sent data from a terminal at 150 baud, but could receive at 1200 baud. | |
G6 | TTL Counter | B1 | Gio | For history of computation | |
G7. | 1 Relay Flip-Flop with instruction manual (copy 1) | B1 | Gio | For history of computation | |
G7. | 2 Relay Flip-Flop (copy 2) | B1 | Gio | For history of computation | |
G8 | Computer Vacuum Tubes 1959. (TCM prvided a 704 assembly, see below) | B1 | Gio | For history of computation. Switching time was xxx (20?) microseconds | |
G9 | Slide Rule | A2 | Gio | For history of computation: A slide rule has graduations on logarithmic scales, so that catenation of two factors gives the product. Illustrate in display with values, as 2.2 x pi. | |
G10 | ACME Light Box | F1#5 | Gio | Indicator for users of an early timesharing system using printing terminals. The ACME IS ON light is set periodically by the processor, and dims if no signal is received. The YOU ARE ON receives on/off signals for every allocated time-slice. The WAITING-FOR-YOU indicates that the processor is not allocating resources until it receives a typed response. The SPECIAL RUN indicates that real-time data-acquisition is in progress and is receiving priority. | |
G10.1 | Photograph of ACME | B2 | get | IBM 2741 terminal and light box, have or copy from video-tape | |
C10.2 | ACME Photos and language chart | B2 | Gio | Documents a time-sharing system used in the Stanford Medical school 1966-1972. | |
G11.1 | Wooden LDS Modem | F3#1, A3 | Gio (Index) | (copy 1) built by Livermore Data Systems around 1967 Early 150-baud modem, when direct connections to telephone lines could only be provided by the telephone company. After dialing the receiver is placed into the box. | |
G11.2 | Wooden AJ Modem | A3 | gio home | Built by Anderson Jacobson around 1968 | |
G12.1 | Magnetic Tape Unit 727 | C1 | get | Illustrate standard 200bpi drive, from NBS book or TCM | |
G12.2 | IBM sign for Magnetic Tape Unit 727 | C1 | Gio | From standard 200bpi drive | |
G13 | Cassette drive | C1 | Gio | ||
G13.1 | Cassette Distribution Tape | C1 | Gio | 300ft, capacity 1.26 Mbytes | |
G14 | Paper Distribution Tape | C1 | Gio | ||
G15 | IBM sign for a Core Memory | F2#2 | Gio | ||
Core Planes from IBM/360 series | F3#1, D1 | IBM Research |
general view | ||
G16 | Strips from a 2361? Strip File | A4 | Gio | capacity of one strip cccc | |
G16.1 | diagram to illustrate function | A4 | Gio | DBD The strips are extracted from a cartridge, wound around a drum, and then read. About mm milliseconds are required to load a strip. Positioning the cartridge takes up to ss seconds. | |
G16.2 | Picture of 2361? from manual . | A4 | (get) | Picture to put behind it. The xxx UNIT held 10 cartridges, each with yyy strips, giving a total capacity of 400 Mbytes. | |
F3#1, G17 | Hollerith or IBM card | A4 | TCM | A standard IBM card held 80-columns. Not more than 4 holes were punched per column, to keep the cards strong enough for mechanical processing.. An encoding (BCD) for 64 characters was common. | |
F3#1, G17.1 | Dollar bill from <1920> | A4 | Gio | The dimension of the Hollerith card was made identical to that of the dollar bill of those days, so it might be carried in a standard wallet. | |
G17.2 | Cards from IBM Selective Dissemination of Information (SDI) Retrieval System | A4 | Gio | The SDI system selected cards denoting new articles from the library according to interest profiles of recipients, which were then mailed to the participant. They could be returned for ordering copies of the articles. | |
G17.3 | IBM Electric Keypunch | F2#1, A4 | IBM Research | The Electric Keypunch (1923) increased the productivity of people entering data onto IBM cards. | |
G18 | UNIVAC 90-column card | C1 | Gio | Sperry-Rand, later Univac and now Unisys allowed all holes to be used, so that this card could hold two x 45 columns of data. | |
G19 | DEC RL02 single platter cartridge (cut open to show innards) | F3#2 | Gio | This singleDECRL02 platter cartridge has a capacity of 2.2? Mbytes. The reading heads were in the drive and entered the unit through the small port in the rear. Larger units were composed of multiple, up to 11, platters. | |
G20 | Integrated Circuit Memory Card | D1 | Gio | ||
G21 | Microfilm with ACM-TODS 1990 | A4 | Gio | ||
G22 | Fiche cards for automatic NCR retrieval system | A4 | Gio | ||
G23 | Microfiche(manually used, not automatic) | A4 | Gio | ||
G24 | Microfiche for IBM automatic photo typesetting | A4 | Gio | ||
G25 | Paper on AI | B2 | Gio office | by Arthur L. Samuel (1962) | |
G25.1 | paper on Timesharing | B2 | SW history | by Arthur L. Samuel (1965) | |
G25.2 | Awards received by Arthur Samuel, and some checkers artifacts. | A1 | Gios | Arthur Samuel wrote the first learning program. His Checkers office program was programmed only with the rules of checkers and then would play hundreds of documented games to develop parameters for the best strategy to win. It eventually outperformed most Checkers champions. (more material in obituary, by McCarthy and Gio) | |
G26 | NBS Survey of all computers in the US 1960. | B2,C1 | Gios | Source for pictures of Stanford and other early office computing equipment, as printers, disk, and tape drives | |
G27 | Two papers by Alexandria Forsythe | B2 | Gio | (1946, 1969) | |
G28 | VISICALC Manual | B4 | #41 | The innovation of spreadsheets programs for the Apple II and later the IBM PC transformed personal computers to useful business tools, and greatly broadened their market. | |
G29.1 | 1917 mechanical integrator diagonal view 1, top view 2, indicator view 3, | F4#2 (temp) | Newcom | This device computed the integrand of an area. The pointer is moved along the curve and the dials can be read to determine the integral value. (in wooden box) Place on a surface with a curve to be integrated. | |
G29.2 | 1915 mechanical integrator | F4#2 (temp) | Newcom | This device computed the integrand of an area?. The pointer is moved along the curve and the dials can be read to determine the integral value. (in wooden box) Place on a surface with a curve to be integrated. | |
G30 | Full size 1/2 inch tape reel, 1954 | C1 | Gio | 200bpi, 2400ft, capacity 8Mbytes/tape. Later density was increased to 800 bpi. The tape drives recorded 6 data bits and one check bit across. New recording techniques (phase-encoding) permitted 1600 bpi, and eventually block encoding provided 6400 bpi with 8 data (9 total) bits across. | |
G30.1 | Fluid with iron filings | C1 | Tucker | Used to read bits off damaged tapes | |
G31 | Univac single/two/four ?-bit highly reliable relay memory (flip-flop) | F1#2 | Gio | Ca. 1950, donated by David Hemreck, NIST This unit is encased in nickel-steel cover, sealed by soldering all joints, and filled with nitrogen gas to prevent corrosion. The contacts of this plug-in unit are gold plated. | |
G32.1 | Paper tape | C1 | Gio | ||
G32.2 | Paper tape holder | C1 | Gio | ||
G33, | Film of 1968 real-time data acquisition projects, | B2 | Gio | includes Stanford ACME, converted to Video tape | |
G34, | Multi-platter 3"? disk unit, open, from Apple Macintosh | #11 | Gio | 20Mega byte capacity | |
G35 | 5" Floppy disk drive | C1 | Gio | Capacity 360Kbytes | |
G35.1 | 5" floppy disk | C1 | Gio | ||
G36 | 3" floppy disk drive and disk, opened | #11 | Gio | Capacity 1.4 Mega bytes | |
G37 | 1" IBM Microdrive disk module mockup, 1998, | #11 | Dr. Currie Munce via John McCarthy | Capacity 380 Mega bytes | |
G38 | CROMEMCO C3, | C1 | Roger Parkinson | history | |
G39 | Zenith Z-19 display, | C1 | Roger Parkinson | used with CROMEMCO C3 | |
G39 | Voice generator | C1 | Roger Parkinson | used with CROMEMCO C3 in Ken Colby's lab at UCLA, a.o., for speaking Parry. | |
G40 | CROMEMCO documentation, | C1 | Jeff Johnson | ZILOG Z-80 Programming Reference card; Z80 macro Assembler (Feb.1982); CDOS Operating System (Jun.1981); Screen Editor (c 1979); Link and lib (Sep.80, 2 copies); Debug (jun.1981); LISP (Jun.1980) | |
G41 | Zenith Z-29 manual | C1 | Michael Rys | Video Display Terminal manual (C 1983) | |
G42 | Magnavox TV used with Apple II computer | #31 | Gio | ||
G43 | Osborne Portable Computer | #31 | Stuart Cheshire | ||
G44 | Printer used with Osborne Computer | #31 | Stuart Cheshire | ||
G45 | Display used with Osborne Computer | #31 | Stuart Cheshire | ||
G46 | Documentation for Osborne Portable Computer | #31 | Stuart Cheshire |
| |
J1 | 32nd anniversary T-shirt | B2 | janninck | Gif shows a CSD 2^5 th Anniversary Cake
| |
MF1 | Librascope platter | #11 | Martin Frost | Platter from AI Lab 40 MBYTE Librascope disk unit shown with 20MB hard disk drive 1.4 floppy drive (G36). | |
MF2 | DataDisk platter and heads -- one per track | #14 | Martin Frost | The DataDisk unit was used as a shared memory to drive about 100 terminals at SAIL - each terminal display image was kept on a distinct track. | |
MF3 | I3 display controller panel | #14 | Martin Frost | from AI Lab | |
MF4 | DEC Mini-computer Tape | #14 | Martin Frost | from AI Lab | |
MF5 | Modified DEC circuit card for LOTS | #15 | Martin Frost | from AI Lab | |
Les 1 | Sail Time and Down time Bell | #14 | Les Earnest | from AI Lab Sail Bell in case | |
Les 2 | Keyboard from AI terminals with full 128-character set | #14 | Les Earnest | from AI Lab Sail Keyboard in case (phototour) Sail Keyboard in case (orig. damaged) | |
Les P1 | Photograph of Stanford Robot Cart | #14 | Les Earnest | Scanned copy: Stanford Robot Cart | |
Diego | Photograph Stanford Robot Cart outside of AI D.C. Powers Lab | on-line only | Diego Ruspini | Scanned copy: Stanford Cart outside | |
Khatib | Stanford Robot Arm | #15, (soon) | AI Lab | ||
Les P2 | Photograph of Stanford AI Lab Pony Soda and Beer Dispenser, with Friedrich vonHenke | #14, | Les Earnest | Scanned copy: Pony | |
Les P3 | Photograph of Stanford AI Lab Computer | #14 | Les Earnest | Scanned copy: Sail Computer |
|
TCM | SWAC Williams 256-bit Memory Tube | #21 | TCM | SWAC Williams tube | |
TCM | Eckert-Mauchly Plug-in Assembly | #21 | TCM | Eckert-Mauchly Module | |
TCM | Univac Metal Recording Tape | #21 | TCM | ||
TCM | Accoustic Delay Line | #21 | TCM | acoustic delayline | |
TCM | RCA Storage tube | #21 | TCM | ||
TCM | IBM 704 vaccum tube plug-in module | #21 | TCM | IBM 704 tubes | |
TCM | Core Plane from Whirlwind | #22 | TCM | ||
TCM | Tube tester from Whirlwind | #22 | TCM | ||
TCM | Parity checking panel from Whirlwind | #22 | TCM | ||
TCM | IBM 360-40 Front Panel | #31 | TCM | ||
TCM | IBM RAMAC model | #31 | TCM | ||
TCM | IBM disk arm assembly | #31 | TCM | ||
TCM | IBM 360 multi-chip module | #31 | TCM | ||
TCM | IBM Think note pad | #31 | TCM | ||
TCM | DEC circuit card | #32 | TCM | ||
TCM | Accoustic Modem | #32 | TCM | ||
TCM | Radio Shack Computer | #41 | TCM | ||
TM | Pet Computer | #41 | TCM | Apple and Pet was User's Group, no more. | |
TCM, | Apple II Computer | F\#41 | TCM | Apple and Pet | |
TCM, | single board computer | #41 | TCM | ||
TCM, | Cray `Cordwood' Module | #01 | TCM | ||
TCM, | Univac Metal Tape | #01 | TCM | ||
TCM | Univac Manual | #01 | TCM | ||
TCM, | Appollo Guidance Computer, returned | was #02 | TCM | Appollo Computer | |
TCM, | NASA Computing modules | #02 | TCM | ||
TCM | IBM PC Manuals | #04 | TCM |
| |
#35 | CROMENCO display: System 3; Zenith terminal, Manuals | Jeff Johnson, | |||
#35 | CROMENCO display: Posters; Melen and Garland book | Gio via Ray Borril |
| ||
not yet | XEROX equipment | Star story (no more)
| |||
#43 | SUN 1 # 330, Disk Drive, First SUN circuit board | Forest Baskett |
| ||
#45 | Apple 2, Apple hard isk, Mackintosh (mossing keyboard, Apple XX | Jeffrey Ullman |
| ||
F4#5 storage | 1987 Toshiba 100 Laptop | Andy Kazsmar | |||
BP | Galaxy Computer Games (1971) | #51 | Bill Pitts | Adapted from Star Wars game at SAIL, on I3 terminal (1970). Removed by Bill Pitts and moved to CMHC.
|
DECRL02 platter, cut open (gio)
IBM 360 coreplanes (gio-ibm)
IBM keypunch (gio-ibm)
IBM 704 tubes (TCM)
acoustic delayline (TCM)
SWAC Williamstube (TCM)
Eckert-Mauchly Module(TCM)
calculators (gio-forsythe-floyd)
Librascope platter (frost)
Sail Bell (les)
Sail Keyboard (les)
Appollo Computer (TCM)
Apple and Pet (TCM)
integrator.1 (gio)
integrator.2 (gio)
integrator.3 (gio)
these images have been archived at Stanford, and will be re-linked.
Model 33 teletype at SAIL, with Art Samuels
SAIL Hydraulic Robot arm, with Vic Scheinman
Sail audio equipment and Datamedia keyboard, with Leland Smith.
Category | Type | notes | |
---|---|---|---|
A1 | Printer Heads | For history of printing, add teletype Model 28 and | 33 , selectric ball, daisy wheel, inkjet, laser head, mechanisms. Document speed of printing. |
B1 #11 | Processor (vacuum tubes, transistors, integrated circuits) | Document year, switching times. | |
C1, #21 | Storage (cards, tape, disks) | ||
D1, #21 | Memory (storage tubes, core) | ||
A2, #25 | Numerical Analysis | ||
B2, #12 | Stanford Things (Forsythe, faculty, staff) | ||
A3, #22 | Cummunication stuff | ||
B3 | Early Ethernet | ||
A4, #11 | Database related things (small disk drives) | ||
B4 | Software |
Master copy maintained on Haring by Gio Wiederhold, email: gio@cs.stanford.edu